DOI: https://doi.org/10.32776/revbiomed.v34i2.1075

Resistencia a antibióticos del género Aeromonas, como patógeno oportunista emergente en peces y humanos

Dulce Andrea Montes-Pérez, Antonino Baez, Berenice Venegas, Rosalina María de Lourdes Reyes-Luna, Dalia Molina-Romero

Resumen

Aeromonas es un género de bacterias Gram negativas reportado como patógeno emergente en algunos grupos de la población humana; debido a su capacidad de generar enfermedades infecciosas que afectan el sistema gastrointestinal, el circulatorio y algunos tejidos blandos de individuos inmuno-comprometidos, adultos mayores e infantes. Aeromonas es también un patógeno oportunista de mamíferos y peces que posee diversos factores de virulencia. Las bacterias de este género proliferan en diversos ambientes como el suelo, agua y en diferentes hospederos, y presentan una gran capacidad de adaptación. En este trabajo se realizó una revisión exhaustiva, en las bases de datos del Centro Nacional de Información Biotecnológica (NCBI) y del Instituto Multidisciplinario de Publicaciones Digitales (MDPI), cuyos criterios de selección fueron: primero, que la investigación demostró que Aeromonas es resistente a antibióticos, así como la caracterización de los genes que le confieren esta resistencia; segundo, la investigación evidencio la capacidad de Aeromonas para formar biopelícula; tercero, el artículo evidenció que la transferencia horizontal de genes le confirió la resistencia a antibióticos; y cuarto, los artículos deben estar publicados en los últimos 5 años. Por lo que el objetivo principal de esta revisión es describir los procesos del género Aeromonas que le proporcionan la resistencia a antibióticos como: la capacidad de formar biopelícula, los genes regulados por Quorum Sensing, y los procesos de la transferencia horizontal de genes. Además, se discutirán algunas características que posicionan a la infección por Aeromonas como un problema de salud pública nacional.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.32776/revbiomed.v34i2.1075

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