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Receptor de los productos finales de glicación avanzada (RAGE) como biomarcador de la obesidad infantil
Resumen
Introducción. La hiperglucemia e hiperlipidemia contribuyen a la formación endógena de productos finales de glicación avanzada (AGEs), y la dieta constituye parte de las fuentes exógenas. La unión de AGEs al receptor de los productos finales de glicación (RAGE), induce vías de señalización que culminan en la activación de factores de transcripción que promueven la expresión de marcadores inflamatorios y de estrés oxidativo. Los niveles de RAGE soluble (sRAGE) han sido propuestos como biomarcador en enfermedades que cursan con un proceso inflamatorio. Diversos estudios describen el papel de RAGE en la obesidad, por lo que se ha discutido si existe un patrón diferencial entre niños con normo peso y obesidad.
Objetivo. Describir la relación entre RAGE, sus isoformas, ligandos, funciones biológicas, y las comorbilidades relacionadas con la obesidad infantil. Determinar si los niveles disminuidos de sRAGE representan un biomarcador de la obesidad infantil con base en los resultados de estudios clínicos, observacionales y transversales.
Metodología. Revisión descriptiva de estudios publicados en el periodo del año 2016 al 2022 en las bases de datos PubMed y Google Académico empleando los términos “AGEs”, “RAGE”, “sRAGE”, y “obesidad infantil”.
Resultados y conclusiones. Fueron consultados un total de 141 artículos relacionados con las palabras clave. El criterio de eliminación consistió en referencias publicadas antes del 2015, con excepción de las referencias clásicas. Se revisaron 63 artículos de 2016 a 2022, 6 representan estudios transversales sobre los niveles de sRAGE en población pediátrica, encontrando diferencias en la expresión de RAGE de acuerdo con el estado nutricional.
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