DOI: https://doi.org/10.32776/revbiomed.v32i2.872

Concordancia del diagnóstico clínico y el diagnóstico histopatológico de lesiones en tejidos blandos de cavidad oral.

María del Carmen Navas - Aparicio, Patricia Hernández - Rivera

Resumen

Introducción: En la literatura se evidencia que existe discrepancia entre el diagnóstico clínico e histopatológico de lesiones de mucosa oral, lo que puede deberse a la falta de conocimientos de los profesionales, a la variabilidad de una enfermedad y a variables específicas del paciente.

Objetivo: Determinar el grado de concordancia existente entre el diagnóstico clínico e histopatológico de lesiones en tejidos blandos en cavidad oral, en la Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Costa Rica, durante el período 2016-2018.

Material y métodos: El estudio se basó en analizar la correlación entre el diagnóstico clínico e histopatológico de lesiones de tejidos blandos en la cavidad oral, en un grupo de 35 pacientes.  La técnica estadística fue descriptiva, utilizando la media y la medida de dispersión de rango, basada en una distribución de frecuencias, y en el análisis de concordancia entre ambos diagnósticos, según los datos obtenidos.

Resultados: La muestra total fue de 40 lesiones, de las cuales se excluyeron 2.  El sexo femenino predominó en el estudio en un 57.1%.  El promedio de edad fue 52,1 años. La correlación del diagnóstico clínico e histológico en el estudio fue de 52.6%; siendo mayor el porcentaje de acierto en lesiones de hiperplasia fibrosa focal.

Conclusiones:  A pesar de que hubo una correlación del diagnóstico clínico e histopatológico de 52.6%, es fundamental reforzar, las destrezas y habilidades del profesional para distinguir las lesiones de mucosa oral con el fin de alcanzar un diagnóstico definitivo, definir un tratamiento y dar el seguimiento respectivo.

Palabras clave: mucosa oral, diagnóstico oral, patología oral, histopatología


Concordance of the clinical diagnosis and the histopathological diagnosis of soft tissue lesions of the oral cavity.

Introduction: The literature shows that there is a discrepancy between the clinical and histopathological diagnosis of oral mucosa lesions, which may be due to the lack of knowledge of professionals, the variability of a disease and specific patient variables.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the degree of concordance between the clinical and histopathological diagnosis of soft tissue lesions in the oral cavity, at the Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Costa Rica, during the period 2016-2018.

Material and methods: The study was based on analyzing the correlation between the clinical and histopathological diagnosis of soft tissue lesions in the oral cavity, in a group of 35 patients. The statistical technique was descriptive, using the mean and the measure of range dispersion, based on a distribution of frequencies, and in the analysis of concordance between both diagnoses, according to the data obtained.

Results: The total sample was 40 lesions, of which 2 were excluded. The female sex predominated in the study in 57.1%. The average age was 52.1 years. The correlation of the clinical and histological diagnosis in the study was 52.6%; being higher the percentage of success in focal fibrous hyperplasia lesions.

Conclusions: Although there was a correlation of clinical and histopathological diagnosis of 52.6%, it is essential to reinforce the professional skills and abilities to distinguish oral mucosa lesions in order to reach a definitive diagnosis, define a treatment and give the respective monitoring.

Key words: oral mucosa, oral diagnosis, oral pathology, histopathology

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.32776/revbiomed.v32i2.872

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