DOI: https://doi.org/10.32776/revbiomed.v33i1.906

Metabolismo óseo y Osteoporosis: Conceptos y Funciones

Elda Leonor Pacheco-Pantoja, Paloma Salazar-Ciau, Víctor Yáñez-Pérez

Resumen

Nuestros huesos tienen un papel versátil en nuestro organismo: desde proporcionar estructura para el cuerpo, protección para los órganos, hasta servir como reservas de minerales, como calcio y fósforo, que son esenciales para el desarrollo y la estabilidad óseas. El esqueleto alcanza la masa ósea máxima alrededor de los 30 años, después de lo cual comienza a disminuir de manera constante. Aunque la masa ósea máxima está fuertemente determinada por la genética, muchos factores modificables pueden influir en la salud del esqueleto, como la nutrición, el ejercicio, ciertas enfermedades o medicamentos. Durante el trascurso de la vida, los huesos se remodelan, proceso donde los osteoclastos activados pueden reabsorber la superficie mineralizada y reemplazarla con hueso nuevo producido por los osteoblastos. Un deterioro de este delicado equilibrio puede resultar en los cambios fisiopatológicos apreciados en la osteoporosis. Esta revisión tuvo como objetivo abordar conceptos relacionados con el metabolismo óseo, la osteoporosis, así como los tratamientos de elección existentes, centrándose en los bisfofonatos, en particular el ibandronato.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.32776/revbiomed.v33i1.906

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